Author: Dr. Vikas Jasrotia

Give Reason for the Following Give Reason for the Following Que. (i) (a) Aldehydes are more reactive than ketone towards nucleophiles. (b) The boiling point of aldehydes and ketones is lower than that of the corresponding acid. (c) The aldehydes and ketones undergo a number of addition reactions. (ii) Give chemical tests to distinguish between: (a)Acetaldehydes and benzaldehyde (b)Propanone and propanal. Ans.  (i) (a) This is due to steric and electronic reasons, sterically the presence of two relatively large substituents in ketones hinders the approach of a nucleophile to carbonyl carbon than an aldehyde having only one such substituent. Electronically…

MCQ Questions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 13 Amines with Answers MCQ Questions for Class 12 Chemistry with Answers Que 1. Out of the following compounds, which is the most basic in aqueous solution? (a) CH3NH2 (b) (CH3)2NH (c) (CH3)3N (d) C6H5NH2 Ans 1. (b) Explanation: Basicity is the ability of the atom to donate its lone pair of electrons. In aniline nitrogen is directly attached with the benzene ring which leads to the delocalization of lone pair of electrons of nitrogen atom in the benzene ring. This leads to the less availability of the electron for donation. In case…

Carbon And Its Compounds Class 10 Questions with Answers PDF Carbon And Its Compounds Class 10 Questions with Answers PDF Que 1. Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling point. Why? Ans 1. Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points because the forces of attraction between molecules of covalent compounds are very weak. Que 2. What is the role of concentrated H2SO4in the esterification reaction? Ans 2. In an esterification reaction, a carboxylic acid reacts with alcohol to form ester and water in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid. This reaction is reversible and this reverse reaction is called ester hydrolysis. Concentrated…

Le Chatelier’s Principle and Applications Le Chatelier’s Principle and Applications Le Chatelier’s Principle: If a system at equilibrium undergoes a change in concentration, temperature, etc, then the equilibrium shifts itself to neutralize the effect of change. 1. Changes in Concentration: Adding a reactant or product, the equilibria shifts away from the increase in order to consume part of the added substance. ⇒ Removing a reactant or product, the equilibria shifts toward the decrease to replace part of the removed species. 2. Effect of change in temperature: Exothermic reactions are favored by low temperature whereas endothermic reactions are favored by high…

Acetic Acid Formula Acetic Acid Formula Ethanoic Acid or Acetic Acid (CH3COOH): a) Ethanoic acid is very popular by its common name i.e., acetic acid. It is generally present in many fruits and their sour taste is because of the acid. b) A dilute aqueous solution of acid-containing only 5 to 8 per cent acid (rest is water) is called vinegar. c) It is used for the preservation of sausage, pickles etc. Acetic Acid Structure: Acetic Acid Molar Mass: Formula – CH3COOH Molar Mass – 12 + 3(1) + 12 + 16 + 16 + 1 = 60 g Preparation…

Coordination Compounds Class 12 NCERT Solutions – Intext Coordination Compounds Class 12 NCERT Solutions Que 9.1: Write the formulas for the following coordination compounds: (i) Tetraamminediaquacobalt(III) chloride (ii) Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II) (iii) Tris(ethane−1,2−diamine) chromium(III) chloride (iv) Amminebromidochloridonitrito-N-platinate(II) (v) Dichloridobis(ethane−1,2−diamine)platinum(IV) nitrate (vi) Iron(III) hexacyanoferrate(II) Ans 9.1: (i) [Co (H2O) (NH3)4] Cl3 (ii) K2 [Ni (CN)4] (iii) [Cr (en)3] Cl3 (iv) [Pt (NH3) Br Cl (NO2)]- (v) [Pt Cl2 (en)2] (NO3)2 (vi) Fe4 [Fe (CN)6]3 Que 9.2: Write the IUPAC names of the following coordination compounds: (i) [Co (NH3)6] Cl3 (ii) [Co (NH3)5 Cl] Cl2 (iii) K3 [Fe (CN)6] iv) K3 [Fe (C2O4)3]…

Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Que 1. What is the chemical name of Tollen’s reagent and Fehling’s solution? Ans 1. Tollen’s reagent = Ammoniacal Silver Nitrate Fehlings solution = Sodium Potassium Tartrate. Que 2. What is Tollen’s reagent? Write one use of this reagent. Ans 2. Ammonical silver nitrate solution is called Tollen’s reagent. Uses: It is used to test aldehydes. Both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes reduce Tollen’s reagent to a shining silver mirror. It is also used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones. Que 3. Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of…

Important Conversions Chapter 12 Chemistry Class 12 Important Conversions Chapter 12 Chemistry (i) Benzene to Acetophenone (ii) Propanone to 2-Methylpropan-2-ol (iii) Propanone to Propan-2-ol (iv) Ethanal to 2-hydroxy propanoic acid (v) Ethanal to Propanone (vi) Toluene to Benzoic acid (vii) Ethanol to 3-Hydroxybutanal (viii) Benzoic acid to m-nitrobenzyl alcohol (ix) Benzoyl chloride to Benzaldehyde (x) Propanone to Propane (xi) Ethanal to But-2-enal (xii) Butanol to Butanoic acid (xiii) Cyclohexene to Hexane-1,6-dioic acid (xiv) Ethanal to Methane (xv) Phenol to Salicylaldehyde Aldehydes and Ketones – Distinguish Tests Class 12

Name reactions Chapter 12 Chemistry Name Reactions Chapter 12 Chemistry Que. Write the equations involved in the following reactions: (i) Wolff-Kishner reduction (ii) Etard reaction (iii) Clemmensen reduction (iv) Cannizzaro reaction (v) Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction (vi) Decarboxylation reaction (vii) Rosenmund’s reduction (viii) Stephen reduction (iX) Friedel-Crafts reaction (x) Aldol condensation (xi) Cross aldol condensation Ans. (i) (ii) Etard reaction (iii) Clemmensen reduction (iv) Cannizzaro reaction (v) Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction (vi) Decarboxylation reaction (vii) Rosenmund Reaction (viii) Stephen reduction (ix) Friedel-Crafts reaction (x) Aldol condensation (xi) Cross aldol condensation

Aldehydes and Ketones Questions and Answer Aldehydes and Ketones Questions and Answer Que 1. What product is formed when CH3COOH reacts with PCl5? Ans 1. CH3COOH + PCl5→ CH3COCl + POCl3 + HCl Que 2. How are formalin and trioxane related to methanal? Ans 2. Formalin is a 40% aqueous solution of HCHO and trioxane is a trimer of HCHO. Que 3. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their reactivity of nucleophilic addition reactions, ethanal, propanal, propanone, butanone. Ans 3. Butanone < Propanone < Propanal < ethanol Que 4. Although aldehydes are easily oxidizable yet propanal can conveniently…