Solid State Chemistry Class 12 Notes PDF Download
In our day-to-day life solids play a crucial role in pursuing different purposes. Different types of solids with different properties are required for different purposes. The constituent particles and the type of bonds between the particles determine the nature of a specific solid. For eg. a Bucket or a container used to carry water, utensils used for cooking food, computers, vehicles, electronic gadgets, notebooks, pencils, papers, etc. are all solid substances used in our day-to-day life.
Liquids and gases on the other hand are another state of matter and are also known as fluids due to their ability to flow. They attain the ability to flow due to the free movement of molecules.
Characteristics of solid-state
1. They have definite shapes due to strong Intermolecular forces of attraction.
2. They have distinct boundaries.
3. They have a fixed volume.
4. They cannot flow.
5. They have negligible compressibility due to the negligible distance between the neighboring molecules.
6. They tend to uphold their shape when exposed to external force.
7. They break under force but it is difficult to change their shape so they are rigid.
8. They have high density and do not diffuse at all.
Classification of Solids
Solids are classified based on two different parameters i.e.,
I). Packing of constituent particles
ii). Forces of attraction among constituent particles.
Classification based on packing
1. Crystalline Solids
These are the solids in which the constituent particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) are arranged in a regular, three-dimensional orderly arrangement, which gets repeated throughout. Hence, these are also called long-range order solids—Quartz, diamond, Boron Nitride, NaCl, ZnS, CsCl, etc.
Solid State Chemistry Class 12 Notes PDF Download
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